A person commits serious criminal trespass if they enter or remain in a place (other than a place open to the public) as a trespasser with the intention of committing theft, an offence against a person, or an offence against property according to Section 168 Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 (SA).
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Serious Criminal Trespass Key Facts
| Offence |
Serious criminal trespass occurs if a person enters or remains in a place (other than a place open to the public) as a trespasser with the intention of committing: - an offence involving theft (or of which theft is an element); - an offence against a person (such as assault); or - an offence involving interference with, damage to, or destruction of property punishable by imprisonment for 3 years or more (such as arson). |
| Maximum Penalty |
Serious criminal trespass (non-residential buildings) Basic offence: 10 years’ imprisonment Aggravated offence: 20 years’ imprisonment Serious criminal trespass (places of residence) Basic offence: 15 years’ imprisonment Aggravated offence: Life imprisonment Criminal trespass (place of residence) Basic offence: 3 years’ imprisonment Aggravated offence: 5 years’ imprisonment |
| Aggravating Factors | An offence is aggravated if committed in any of the circumstances that generally give rise to aggravation [s 5AA], or if another person is lawfully present and the offender knows of their presence or is reckless about whether anyone is in the place [s 170(2)]. |
| Typical Sentence | Sentences vary depending on whether the trespass was residential or non-residential, whether property damage or violence was involved, and the presence of aggravating circumstances. Residential aggravated cases often result in lengthy imprisonment. |
| Which Court? | Serious criminal trespass charges are indictable offences heard in the District Court or Supreme Court of South Australia. Lesser trespass offences may be heard summarily in the Magistrates Court. |
| Process Timeline |
Police investigation → Arrest and charge → Bail consideration → Committal in Magistrates Court → District or Supreme Court trial → Sentencing if convicted. (Average: 12–18 months, longer for aggravated residential cases) |
| Possible Defences |
- Consent of the occupier (unless obtained by force, threat, or deception) - Disputing intent to commit a further offence - Mistaken identity - Lack of knowledge of another person’s presence (where relevant to aggravation) - Duress or necessity (rare circumstances) |
| What The Prosecution Must Prove |
- The accused entered or remained in the place without lawful consent; - The place was not open to the public; - The accused intended to commit theft, an offence against a person, or an offence involving property punishable by 3 years or more; - For residential aggravated offences, that another person was lawfully present and the accused knew or was reckless about their presence. |
Serious Criminal Trespass Case Scenarios
Below are examples of how serious criminal trespass may be charged and sentenced in South Australia. These examples are not indicative of a specific outcome and are for informational purposes only.
Low-Level Offence
Mid-Level Offence
High-Level Offence
Low-Level Offence
Scenario:
A person broke into a warehouse after hours intending to steal tools. They entered through an unlocked side door but were caught before they took anything. No one was present inside at the time.
What to expect:
Charged with serious criminal trespass in a non-residential building (basic offence). The Court imposed 2 years’ imprisonment, suspended on a good behaviour bond, with a warning that any repeat offending would attract a custodial sentence.
Mid-Level Offence
Scenario:
An individual entered a neighbour’s home late at night through an open window, intending to steal electronics. The occupants were away at the time, and no violence occurred. Police later identified the person through CCTV.
What to expect:
Convicted of serious criminal trespass in a place of residence (basic offence). Sentenced to 4 years’ imprisonment, with a non-parole period of 2 years.
High-Level Offence
Scenario:
Two people forced their way into a family home while the occupants were inside. They threatened the residents and attempted to steal jewellery and cash. One offender was armed with a crowbar.
What to expect:
Convicted of aggravated serious criminal trespass in a place of residence. The Court imposed 12 years’ imprisonment due to aggravating factors including the occupants’ presence, threats of violence, and the use of a weapon.
Disclaimer: The examples above are provided for informational purposes only and do not guarantee a specific result in your matter. Sentencing decisions can vary significantly depending on individual circumstances, including the severity of the offence, intent, prior criminal history and other legal factors. For case-specific advice, get in touch with one of our expert criminal lawyers.
Your first consultation is free.
Serious Criminal Trespass FAQ’s
If you need more information about serious criminal trespass in South Australia, these FAQs answer the most common questions.
What is serious criminal trespass in South Australia?
Serious criminal trespass occurs when someone enters or remains unlawfully in a place with the intention of committing theft, an offence against a person, or a serious property offence punishable by 3 years or more.
What is the maximum penalty for serious criminal trespass?
For non-residential buildings, up to 10 years’ imprisonment (basic) or 20 years (aggravated). For residential places, up to 15 years (basic) or life imprisonment (aggravated).
What makes serious criminal trespass aggravated?
The offence is aggravated if another person is present in the residence and the offender knows or is reckless about that fact, or if general aggravating circumstances under s 5AA apply (such as use of violence, weapon possession, or prior offending).
How is serious criminal trespass different from criminal trespass?
Criminal trespass is a lesser offence, usually involving unlawful entry into a residence while someone is home, but without the intent to commit theft or another serious crime. Maximum penalties are 3 years (basic) or 5 years (aggravated).
What must the prosecution prove in a serious criminal trespass case?
They must prove the accused entered or remained unlawfully, that the place was not open to the public, and that the accused intended to commit theft, an offence against a person, or a property offence punishable by 3+ years.
Does serious criminal trespass always involve theft?
No. It can involve intent to commit assault, arson, or other serious property or personal offences, not just theft.
Is it still trespass if I entered with the owner’s consent?
No, unless the consent was obtained by force, threat, or deception.
Can I be charged even if nothing was stolen?
Yes. The offence is based on unlawful entry with intent, not on whether the intended crime was actually carried out.
What court hears serious criminal trespass charges?
These charges are indictable and usually heard in the District Court or Supreme Court of South Australia.
Can serious criminal trespass lead to life imprisonment?
Yes, aggravated trespass in a place of residence can result in life imprisonment.
What’s the difference between residential and non-residential trespass?
Residential trespass is treated more seriously because it involves people’s homes and personal safety. Penalties are higher than for non-residential buildings.
Is intent difficult to prove in trespass cases?
The prosecution must show the accused intended to commit theft, an offence against a person, or a qualifying property offence. Evidence such as carrying tools, weapons, or items taken can establish intent.
Are there defences to serious criminal trespass?
Yes. Possible defences include having lawful consent to enter, disputing intent, mistaken identity, or acting under duress.
How does serious criminal trespass differ from burglary?
In South Australia, burglary is often used interchangeably with serious criminal trespass. Both involve unlawful entry with intent to commit a crime, though burglary is the broader term.
What should I do if charged with serious criminal trespass?
Seek immediate legal advice from one of our Adelaide criminal defence lawyers. These are serious indictable offences with heavy penalties, and early representation can affect the outcome of bail, plea negotiations, and sentencing.
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